Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi bacterial infection and is usually found in food or drinks contaminated with the bacteria.
Typhoid fever is often experienced by children because their immune system is not optimal compared to adults. However, it is possible for typhoid fever to occur in adults. It is transmitted through the fecal-oral route. The incidence of typhoid infection reaches 9 million cases per year globally, with most cases in low-income countries, tropical countries, difficult access to clean water, and densely populated settlements.and poor sanitation.

There are several things that can increase the risk of typhoid fever in someone, including:

The incubation period of the Salmonella typhi bacteria that causes typhoid fever is around 2 weeks. After that, typhoid fever symptoms will appear and can be felt by the sufferer.

In addition, people sometimes find it difficult to distinguish typhoid fever from dengue fever because they have similar symptoms. Therefore, you need to know the symptoms of typhoid fever further in order to distinguish it from dengue fever. Some of the symptoms of typhoid fever that need to be known include:

In the third week, the fever will alternate between high and low, also intestinal bleeding and intestinal perforation (holes in the intestinal wall) may occur. The fever then subsides in the fourth week. In severe cases, complications may occur and even death may result.

If indicated to have contracted typhus, the doctor will conduct a medical examination first before taking treatment steps. After the patient is confirmed to have typhoid fever, the doctor will then prescribe antibiotics as a treatment step. This typhoid fever treatment can be done as an outpatient or inpatient depending on the severity.

In addition, the doctor will advise the patient to maintain cleanliness and recommend a good diet for typhoid patients. The doctor will also explain some prohibitions for typhoid patients, such as avoiding eating raw foods, doing heavy activities, and drinking water excessively

The primary prevention of typhoid disease is having access to clean water, adequate sanitation, and food handler hygiene. Typhoid fever immunization is the second stage. Everybody visiting endemic regions runs the risk of contracting typhoid fever. As a result, people who go to regions where typhoid fever is highly likely should get vaccinated against the disease.

Additionally, the following recommendations will help you stay safe while traveling:

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the US only advise vaccination for those who are at high risk of infection, such as those visiting regions where typhoid fever is common. The World Health Organization (WHO) supports vaccination as a means of control the spread of the disease. Low-sanitation nations are known as common areas, and illnesses are more prevalent in South Asia. Consequently, we advise everyone visiting South Asia to vaccine against typhoid fever.

Demam tifoid, yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella typhi, didiagnosis dengan menggunakan beberapa metode. Metode utama yang direkomendasikan adalah kultur darah, tetapi metode ini dapat gagal mendeteksi hingga separuh kasus karena cara dan waktu pemeriksaannya. Tes cepat seperti TUBEX dan Typhidot lebih cepat tetapi tidak dapat diandalkan, dengan akurasi sekitar 78%. Tes Widal memeriksa antibodi tetapi tidak selalu tepat. Tes darah dapat menunjukkan sel darah putih yang rendah, lebih banyak limfosit, dan tanda-tanda lainnya. Tes tinja lebih baik dilakukan di fase akhir penyakit dan dapat menemukan pembawa virus. Setiap tes memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan, sehingga dokter sering menggunakan kombinasi untuk mendapatkan diagnosis terbaik.